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7-5-107
Section 7-5-107 Confirmer, nominated person, and adviser. (a) A confirmer is directly obligated
on a letter of credit and has the rights and obligations of an issuer to the extent of its
confirmation. The confirmer also has rights against and obligations to the issuer as if the
issuer were an applicant and the confirmer had issued the letter of credit at the request
and for the account of the issuer. (b) A nominated person who is not a confirmer is not obligated
to honor or otherwise give value for a presentation. (c) A person requested to advise may
decline to act as an adviser. An adviser that is not a confirmer is not obligated to honor
or give value for a presentation. An adviser undertakes to the issuer and to the beneficiary
accurately to advise the terms of the letter of credit, confirmation, amendment, or advice
received by that person and undertakes to the beneficiary to check the apparent authenticity
of the request to advise. Even if the advice is inaccurate, the letter of...
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7-9A-102
Section 7-9A-102 Definitions and index of definitions. (a) Article 9A definitions. In this
article: (1) "Accession" means goods that are physically united with other goods
in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. (2) "Account,"
except as used in "account for," means a right to payment of a monetary obligation,
whether or not earned by performance, (i) for property that has been or is to be sold, leased,
licensed, assigned, or otherwise disposed of, (ii) for services rendered or to be rendered,
(iii) for a policy of insurance issued or to be issued, (iv) for a secondary obligation incurred
or to be incurred, (v) for energy provided or to be provided, (vi) for the use or hire of
a vessel under a charter or other contract, (vii) arising out of the use of a credit or charge
card or information contained on or for use with the card, or (viii) as winnings in a lottery
or other game of chance operated or sponsored by a State, governmental unit of a State, or...
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40-2A-7
Section 40-2A-7 Uniform revenue procedures. (a) Maintenance of records; audit and subpoena
authority; authority to issue regulations. (1) In addition to all other recordkeeping requirements
otherwise set out in this title, taxpayers shall keep and maintain an accurate and complete
set of records, books, and other information sufficient to allow the department to determine
the correct amount of value or correct amount of any tax, license, permit, or fee administered
by the department, or other records or information as may be necessary for the proper administration
of any matters under the jurisdiction of the department. The books, records, and other information
shall be open and available for inspection by the department upon request at a reasonable
time and location. (2) The department may examine and audit the records, books, or other relevant
information maintained by any taxpayer or other person for the purpose of computing and determining
the correct amount of value or correct...
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7-5-103
Section 7-5-103 Scope. (a) This article applies to letters of credit and to certain rights
and obligations arising out of transactions involving letters of credit. (b) The statement
of a rule in this article does not by itself require, imply, or negate application of the
same or a different rule to a situation not provided for, or to a person not specified, in
this article. (c) With the exception of this subsection, subsections (a) and (d), Sections
7-5-102(a)(9) and (10), and 7-5-114(d), and except to the extent prohibited in Sections 7-1-302
and 7-5-117(d), the effect of this article may be varied by agreement or by a provision stated
or incorporated by reference in an undertaking. A term in a letter of credit, confirmation,
advice, transfer, amendment, or cancellation generally excusing liability or generally limiting
remedies for failure to perform obligations is not sufficient to vary obligations prescribed
by this article. (d) Rights and obligations of an issuer to a beneficiary...
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27-44-8
Section 27-44-8 Powers and duties of association. (a) If a member insurer is an impaired insurer,
the association may, in its discretion and subject to any conditions imposed by the association
that do not impair the contractual obligations of the impaired insurer, and that are approved
by the commissioner: (1) Guarantee or reinsure, or cause to be guaranteed, assumed, or reinsured,
any or all of the covered policies of the impaired insurers. (2) Provide such moneys, pledges,
notes, guarantees, or other means as are proper to effectuate subdivision (1), and assure
payment of the contractual obligations of the impaired insurer pending action under subdivision
(1). (b) If a member insurer is an insolvent insurer, the association shall, in its discretion
and subject to the approval of the commissioner, do either of the following: (1)a. Guarantee,
assume, or reinsure, or cause to be guaranteed, assumed, or reinsured, the covered policies
of the insolvent insurer. b. Assure payment of the...
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7-5-104
Section 7-5-104 Formal requirements. A letter of credit, confirmation, advice, transfer, amendment,
or cancellation may be issued in any form that is a record and is authenticated (i) by a signature
or (ii) in accordance with the agreement of the parties or the standard practice referred
to in Section 7-5-108(e). (Acts 1997, No. 97-702, p. 1427, §1.)...
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7-5-106
Section 7-5-106 Issuance, amendment, cancellation, and duration. (a) A letter of credit is
issued and becomes enforceable according to its terms against the issuer when the issuer sends
or otherwise transmits it to the person requested to advise or to the beneficiary. A letter
of credit is revocable only if it so provides. (b) After a letter of credit is issued, rights
and obligations of a beneficiary, applicant, confirmer, and issuer are not affected by an
amendment or cancellation to which that person has not consented except to the extent the
letter of credit provides that it is revocable or that the issuer may amend or cancel the
letter of credit without that consent. (c) If there is no stated expiration date or other
provision that determines its duration, a letter of credit expires one year after its stated
date of issuance or, if none is stated, after the date on which it is issued. (Acts 1997,
No. 97-702, p. 1427, §1.)...
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7-5-111
Section 7-5-111 Remedies. (a) If an issuer wrongfully dishonors or repudiates its obligation
to pay money under a letter of credit before presentation, the beneficiary, successor, or
nominated person presenting on its own behalf may recover from the issuer the amount that
is the subject of the dishonor or repudiation. If the issuer's obligation under the letter
of credit is not for the payment of money, the claimant may obtain specific performance or,
at the claimant's election, recover an amount equal to the value of performance from the issuer.
In either case, the claimant may also recover incidental but not consequential damages. The
claimant is not obligated to take action to avoid damages that might be due from the issuer
under this subsection. If, although not obligated to do so, the claimant avoids damages, the
claimant's recovery from the issuer must be reduced by the amount of damages avoided. The
issuer has the burden of proving the amount of damages avoided. In the case of...
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40-2B-2
Section 40-2B-2 Alabama Tax Tribunal. (a) Statement of Purpose. To increase public confidence
in the fairness of the state tax system, the state shall provide an independent agency with
tax expertise to resolve disputes between the Department of Revenue and taxpayers, prior to
requiring the payment of the amounts in issue or the posting of a bond, but after the taxpayer
has had a full opportunity to attempt settlement with the Department of Revenue based, among
other things, on the hazards of litigation. By establishing an independent Alabama Tax Tribunal
within the executive branch of government, this chapter provides taxpayers with a means of
resolving controversies that insures both the appearance and the reality of due process and
fundamental fairness. The tax tribunal shall provide hearings in all tax matters, except those
specified by statute, and render decisions and orders relating thereto. A tax tribunal hearing
shall be commenced by the filing of a notice of appeal protesting...
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7-5-102
Section 7-5-102 Definitions. (a) In this article: (1) "Adviser" means a person who,
at the request of the issuer, a confirmer, or another adviser, notifies, or requests another
adviser to notify, the beneficiary that a letter of credit has been issued, confirmed, or
amended. (2) "Applicant" means a person at whose request or for whose account a
letter of credit is issued. The term includes a person who requests an issuer to issue a letter
of credit on behalf of another if the person making the request undertakes an obligation to
reimburse the issuer. (3) "Beneficiary" means a person who under the terms of a
letter of credit is entitled to have its complying presentation honored. The term includes
a person to whom drawing rights have been transferred under a transferable letter of credit.
(4) "Confirmer" means a nominated person who undertakes, at the request or with
the consent of the issuer, to honor a presentation under a letter of credit issued by another.
(5) "Dishonor" of a letter...
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