31-2A-73
Section 31-2A-73 (Article 73.) Petition for a new trial. At any time within two years after
approval by the convening authority of a court-martial sentence, the accused may petition
the Adjutant General for a new trial on the grounds of newly discovered evidence or fraud
on the court-martial. At any time within 45 days of discovery of fraud on the court-martial
or newly discovered evidence, the accused may petition for new trial with the Military Court-Martial
Review Panel. In the event the accused's case is pending before the Alabama Supreme Court,
the appeal shall be stayed until the Military Court-Martial Review Panel rules on the petition.
(Act 2012-334, p. 790, §1.)...
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31-2A-64
Section 31-2A-64 (Article 64.) Review by the Senior Judge Advocate. (a) Each general and special
court-martial case in which there has been a finding of guilty shall be reviewed by the senior
judge advocate, or a designee for the convening authority. The senior judge advocate, or designee,
may not review a case under this subsection if that person has acted in the same case as an
accuser, investigating officer, member of the court, military judge, or counsel or has otherwise
acted on behalf of the prosecution or defense. The senior judge advocate's review shall be
in writing and shall contain all of the following: (1) Conclusions as to whether: a. The court
had jurisdiction over the accused and the offense. b. The charge and specification stated
an offense. c. The sentence was within the limits prescribed as a matter of law. (2) A response
to each allegation of error made in writing by the accused. (3) If the case is sent for action
under subsection (b), a recommendation as to the...
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31-2A-29
Section 31-2A-29 (Article 29.) Absent and additional members. (a) No member of a general or
special court-martial may be absent or excused after the court has been assembled for the
trial of the accused unless excused as a result of a challenge, excused by the military judge
for physical disability or other good cause, or excused by order of the convening authority
for good cause. (b) Whenever a general court-martial, other than a general court-martial composed
of a military judge only, is reduced below five members, the trial may not proceed unless
the convening authority details new members sufficient in number to provide not less than
the applicable minimum number of five members. The trial may proceed with the new members
present after the recorded evidence previously introduced before the members of the court
has been read to the court in the presence of the military judge, the accused, and counsel
for both sides. (c) Whenever a special court-martial, other than a special...
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31-2A-50a
Section 31-2A-50a (Article 50a.) Defense of lack of mental responsibility. (a) It is an affirmative
defense in a trial by court-martial that, at the time of the commission of the acts constituting
the offense, the accused, as a result of a severe mental disease or defect, was unable to
appreciate the nature and quality or the wrongfulness of the acts. Mental disease or defect
does not otherwise constitute a defense. (b) The accused has the burden of proving the defense
of lack of mental responsibility by clear and convincing evidence. (c) Whenever lack of mental
responsibility of the accused with respect to an offense is properly at issue, the military
judge shall instruct the members of the court as to the defense of lack of mental responsibility
under this article and charge members to find the accused any one of the following: (1) Guilty.
(2) Not guilty. (3) Not guilty only by reason of lack of mental responsibility. (d) Subsection
(c) does not apply to a court-martial composed of a...
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31-2A-31
Section 31-2A-31 (Article 31.) Compulsory self-incrimination prohibited. (a) No person subject
to this code may compel any person to incriminate himself or herself or to answer any question
the answer to which may tend to incriminate him or her. (b) No person subject to this code
may interrogate or request any statement from an accused or a person suspected of an offense
without first informing that person of the nature of the accusation and advising that person
that he or she does not have to make any statement regarding the offense of which the person
is accused or suspected and that any statement made by the person may be used as evidence
against the person in a trial by court-martial. (c) No person subject to this code may compel
any person to make a statement or produce evidence before any military court if the statement
or evidence is not material to the issue and may tend to degrade the person. (d) No statement
obtained from any person in violation of this article or through the...
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31-2A-38
Section 31-2A-38 (Article 38.) Duties of trial counsel and defense counsel. (a) The trial counsel
of a general or special court-martial shall prosecute in the name of the state, and, under
the direction of the court, shall prepare the record of the proceedings. (b)(1) The accused
has the right to be represented in defense before a general or special court-martial or at
an investigation under Section 31-2A-32 (Article 32) as provided in this subsection. (2) The
accused may be represented by civilian counsel at the provision and expense of the accused.
(3) The accused may be represented by either of the following: a. By military counsel detailed
under Section 31-2A-27 (Article 27). b. By military counsel of the accused's own selection
if that counsel is reasonably available as determined under subdivision (7). (4) If the accused
is represented by civilian counsel, military counsel detailed or selected under subdivision
(3) shall act as associate counsel unless excused at the request of...
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31-2A-32
Section 31-2A-32 (Article 32.) Preliminary hearing; report. (a) No charge or specification
may be referred to a general court-martial for trial until the completion of a preliminary
hearing, unless the preliminary hearing is waived by the accused. The purpose of the preliminary
hearing shall be limited to the following: (1) Determining whether there is probable cause
to believe an offense has been committed and the accused committed the offense. (2) Determining
whether the convening authority has court-martial jurisdiction over the offense and the accused.
(3) Considering the form of charges. (4) Recommending the disposition that should be made
of the case. (b) A preliminary hearing under subsection (a) shall be conducted by a hearing
officer who satisfies all of the following: (1) The hearing officer shall be an impartial
judge advocate whenever practicable or, in exceptional circumstances in which the interests
of justice warrant, an impartial hearing officer who is not a judge...
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31-2A-44
Section 31-2A-44 (Article 44.) Former jeopardy. (a) No person, without his or her consent,
may be tried a second time for the same offense. (b) No proceeding in which an accused has
been found guilty by a court-martial upon any charge or specification is a trial pursuant
to this article until the finding of guilty has become final after review of the case has
been fully completed. (c) A proceeding which, after the introduction of evidence but before
a finding, is dismissed or terminated by the convening authority or on motion of the prosecution
for failure of available evidence or witnesses without any fault of the accused is a trial
in the sense of this article. (d) Any offense adjudicated under Chapter 47 of Title 10, U.S.C.,
shall be barred from prosecution under this code. (Act 2012-334, p. 790, §1.)...
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31-2A-51
Section 31-2A-51 (Article 51.) Voting and rulings. (a) Voting by members of a general or special
court-martial on the findings and on the sentence shall be by secret written ballot. The junior
member of the court shall count the votes. The count shall be checked by the president, who
shall forthwith announce the result of the ballot to the members of the court. (b) The military
judge shall rule upon all questions of law and all interlocutory questions arising during
the proceedings. Any such ruling made by the military judge upon any question of law or any
interlocutory question other than the factual issue of mental responsibility of the accused
is final and constitutes the ruling of the court. However, the military judge may change the
ruling at any time during the trial. Unless the ruling is final, if any member objects thereto,
the court shall be cleared and closed and the question decided by a voice vote as provided
in Section 31-2A-52 (Article 52), beginning with the junior in...
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31-2A-57a
Section 31-2A-57a (Article 57a.) Deferment of sentences. (a) On application by an accused who
is under sentence to confinement that has not been ordered executed, the convening authority
or, if the accused is no longer under that person's jurisdiction, the person exercising general
court-martial jurisdiction over the command to which the accused is currently assigned, may
in that person's sole discretion defer service of the sentence to confinement. The deferment
shall terminate when the sentence is ordered executed. The deferment may be rescinded at any
time by the person who granted it or, if the accused is no longer under that person's jurisdiction,
by the person exercising general court-martial jurisdiction over the command to which the
accused is currently assigned. (b)(1) In any case in which a court-martial sentences an accused
referred to in subdivision (2) to confinement, the convening authority may defer the service
of the sentence to confinement, without the consent of the...
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