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31-2A-52
Section 31-2A-52 (Article 52.) Number of votes required. (a) No person may be convicted of
an offense except as provided in Section 31-2A-45(b) (Article 45(b)) or by the concurrence
of two-thirds of the members present at the time the vote is taken. (b) All other questions
to be decided by the members of a general or special court-martial shall be determined by
a majority vote, but a determination to reconsider a finding of guilty or to reconsider a
sentence, with a view toward decreasing it, may be made by any lesser vote which indicates
that the reconsideration is not opposed by the number of votes required for that finding or
sentence. A tie vote on a challenge disqualifies the member challenged. A tie vote on a motion
relating to the question of the accused's sanity is a determination against the accused. A
tie vote on any other question is a determination in favor of the accused. (c) Pursuant to
its authority under Article XV, Section 271 of the Constitution of Alabama of 1901,...
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31-2A-51
Section 31-2A-51 (Article 51.) Voting and rulings. (a) Voting by members of a general or special
court-martial on the findings and on the sentence shall be by secret written ballot. The junior
member of the court shall count the votes. The count shall be checked by the president, who
shall forthwith announce the result of the ballot to the members of the court. (b) The military
judge shall rule upon all questions of law and all interlocutory questions arising during
the proceedings. Any such ruling made by the military judge upon any question of law or any
interlocutory question other than the factual issue of mental responsibility of the accused
is final and constitutes the ruling of the court. However, the military judge may change the
ruling at any time during the trial. Unless the ruling is final, if any member objects thereto,
the court shall be cleared and closed and the question decided by a voice vote as provided
in Section 31-2A-52 (Article 52), beginning with the junior in...
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44-2-10
Section 44-2-10 Text of compact. The Interstate Compact for Juveniles is enacted into law and
entered into with all jurisdictions mutually adopting the compact in the form substantially
as follows: THE INTERSTATE COMPACT FOR JUVENILES Article I. Purpose. The compacting states
to this interstate compact recognize that each state is responsible for the proper supervision
or return of juveniles, delinquents and status offenders who are on probation or parole and
who have absconded, escaped or run away from supervision and control and in so doing have
endangered their own safety and the safety of others. The compacting states also recognize
that each state is responsible for the safe return of juveniles who have run away from home
and in doing so have left their state of residence. The compacting states also recognize that
Congress, by enacting the Crime Control Act, 4 U.S.C. Section 112 (1965), has authorized and
encouraged compacts for cooperative efforts and mutual assistance in the...
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31-2A-39
Section 31-2A-39 (Article 39.) Sessions. (a) At any time after the service of charges which
have been referred for trial to a court-martial composed of a military judge and members,
the military judge, subject to Section 31-2A-35 (Article 35), may call the court into session
without the presence of the members for the purpose of: (1) Hearing and determining motions
raising defenses or objections which are capable of determination without trial of the issues
raised by a plea of not guilty. (2) Hearing and ruling upon any matter which may be ruled
upon by the military judge under this code, whether or not the matter is appropriate for later
consideration or decision by the members of the court. (3) Holding the arraignment and receiving
the pleas of the accused. (4) Performing any other procedural function which does not require
the presence of the members of the court under this code. These proceedings shall be conducted
in the presence of the accused, the defense counsel, and the trial...
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31-2A-45
Section 31-2A-45 (Article 45.) Pleas of the accused. (a) If an accused after arraignment makes
an irregular pleading, or after a plea of guilty sets up matter inconsistent with the plea,
or if it appears that the accused has entered the plea of guilty improvidently or through
lack of understanding of its meaning and effect, or if the accused fails or refuses to plead,
a plea of not guilty shall be entered in the record, and the court shall proceed as though
the accused had pleaded not guilty. (b) With respect to any charge or specification to which
a plea of guilty has been made by the accused and accepted by the military judge or by a court-martial
without a military judge, a finding of guilty of the charge or specification may be entered
immediately without vote. This finding shall constitute the finding of the court unless the
plea of guilty is withdrawn prior to announcement of the sentence, in which event, the proceedings
shall continue as though the accused had pleaded not...
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45-13-20
Section 45-13-20 Municipal option election for legalization of sale and distribution of alcoholic
beverages. (a)(1) The Legislature of Alabama is cognizant of "Opinion of the Justices
No. 376," issued April 9, 2002, which states that a local bill for Cherokee County "purporting
to allow by local law the creation of a traffic in alcohol that does not presently exist in
smaller municipalities in Cherokee County, does not fit within the ambit of the last paragraph
of Section 104 permitting the Legislature to pass local laws regulating or prohibiting such
traffic." The effect of this Opinion of the Justices is to greatly limit situations in
which local laws may be enacted regarding alcoholic beverages. This opinion was, in part,
based upon a determination that, "Generally, 'regulate' implies the exercise of control
over something that already exists." While respecting the constitutional authority granted
to the Alabama Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution of Alabama of 1901, this...
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31-2A-60
Section 31-2A-60 (Article 60.) Action by the convening authority. (a) The findings and sentence
of a court-martial shall be reported promptly to the convening authority after the announcement
of the sentence. (b)(1) The accused may submit to the convening authority matters for consideration
by the convening authority with respect to the findings and the sentence. Any submission shall
be in writing. Except in a summary court-martial case, a submission shall be made within 10
days after the accused has been given an authenticated record of trial and, if applicable,
the recommendation of a judge advocate under subsection (d). In a summary court-martial case,
such a submission shall be made within seven days after the sentence is announced. (2) If
the accused shows that additional time is required for the accused to submit such matters,
the convening authority or other person taking action under this article, for good cause,
may extend the applicable period under subdivision (1) for up to...
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31-2A-64
Section 31-2A-64 (Article 64.) Review by the Senior Judge Advocate. (a) Each general and special
court-martial case in which there has been a finding of guilty shall be reviewed by the senior
judge advocate, or a designee for the convening authority. The senior judge advocate, or designee,
may not review a case under this subsection if that person has acted in the same case as an
accuser, investigating officer, member of the court, military judge, or counsel or has otherwise
acted on behalf of the prosecution or defense. The senior judge advocate's review shall be
in writing and shall contain all of the following: (1) Conclusions as to whether: a. The court
had jurisdiction over the accused and the offense. b. The charge and specification stated
an offense. c. The sentence was within the limits prescribed as a matter of law. (2) A response
to each allegation of error made in writing by the accused. (3) If the case is sent for action
under subsection (b), a recommendation as to the...
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31-2A-59
Section 31-2A-59 (Article 59.) Error of law; lesser included offense. (a) A finding or sentence
of a court-martial may not be held incorrect on the ground of an error of law unless the error
materially prejudices the substantial rights of the accused. (b) Any reviewing authority with
the power to approve or affirm a finding of guilty may approve or affirm, instead, so much
of the finding as includes a lesser included offense. (Act 2012-334, p. 790, ยง1.)...
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31-2A-63
Section 31-2A-63 (Article 63.) Rehearings. Each rehearing under this code shall take place
before a court-martial composed of members not members of the court-martial which first heard
the case. Upon a rehearing the accused may not be tried for any offense of which he or she
was found not guilty by the first court-martial, and no sentence in excess of or more severe
than the original sentence may be approved, unless the sentence is based upon a finding of
guilty of an offense not considered upon the merits in the original proceedings, or unless
the sentence prescribed for the offense is mandatory. If the sentence approved after the first
court-martial was in accordance with a pretrial agreement and the accused at the rehearing
changes a plea with respect to the charges or specifications upon which the pretrial agreement
was based, or otherwise does not comply with the pretrial agreement, the approved sentence
as to those charges or specifications may include any punishment not in...
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