Code of Alabama

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7-7-302
Section 7-7-302 Through bills of lading and similar documents of title. (a) The issuer of a
through bill of lading, or other document of title embodying an undertaking to be performed
in part by a person acting as its agent or by a performing carrier, is liable to any person
entitled to recover on the bill or other document for any breach by the other person or the
performing carrier of its obligation under the bill or other document. However, to the extent
that the bill or other document covers an undertaking to be performed overseas or in territory
not contiguous to the continental United States or an undertaking including matters other
than transportation, this liability for breach by the other person or the performing carrier
may be varied by agreement of the parties. (b) If goods covered by a through bill of lading
or other document of title embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by a person other
than the issuer are received by that person, the person is subject, with...
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7-5-111
Section 7-5-111 Remedies. (a) If an issuer wrongfully dishonors or repudiates its obligation
to pay money under a letter of credit before presentation, the beneficiary, successor, or
nominated person presenting on its own behalf may recover from the issuer the amount that
is the subject of the dishonor or repudiation. If the issuer's obligation under the letter
of credit is not for the payment of money, the claimant may obtain specific performance or,
at the claimant's election, recover an amount equal to the value of performance from the issuer.
In either case, the claimant may also recover incidental but not consequential damages. The
claimant is not obligated to take action to avoid damages that might be due from the issuer
under this subsection. If, although not obligated to do so, the claimant avoids damages, the
claimant's recovery from the issuer must be reduced by the amount of damages avoided. The
issuer has the burden of proving the amount of damages avoided. In the case of...
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7-5-102
Section 7-5-102 Definitions. (a) In this article: (1) "Adviser" means a person who,
at the request of the issuer, a confirmer, or another adviser, notifies, or requests another
adviser to notify, the beneficiary that a letter of credit has been issued, confirmed, or
amended. (2) "Applicant" means a person at whose request or for whose account a
letter of credit is issued. The term includes a person who requests an issuer to issue a letter
of credit on behalf of another if the person making the request undertakes an obligation to
reimburse the issuer. (3) "Beneficiary" means a person who under the terms of a
letter of credit is entitled to have its complying presentation honored. The term includes
a person to whom drawing rights have been transferred under a transferable letter of credit.
(4) "Confirmer" means a nominated person who undertakes, at the request or with
the consent of the issuer, to honor a presentation under a letter of credit issued by another.
(5) "Dishonor" of a letter...
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7-1-201
Section 7-1-201 General definitions. (a) [Reserved]. (b) Subject to additional definitions
contained in the subsequent articles of this title which are applicable to specific articles
or parts thereof, and unless the context otherwise requires, in this title: (1) "Action,"
in the sense of a judicial proceeding, includes recoupment, counterclaim, set-off, suit in
equity, and any other proceeding in which rights are determined. (2) "Aggrieved party"
means a party entitled to pursue a remedy. (3) "Agreement," as distinguished from
"contract," means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language
or inferred from other circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing,
or usage of trade as provided in Section 7-1-303. (4) "Bank" means a person engaged
in the business of banking and includes a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit
union, and trust company. (5) "Bearer" means a person in possession of a negotiable
instrument, document of title, or...
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37-11A-1
Section 37-11A-1 Execution and text of compact. The Governor, on behalf of this state, shall
execute a compact, in substantially the following form, with the State of Mississippi, and
the Legislature approves and ratifies the compact in the form substantially as follows: Northeast
Mississippi - Northwest Alabama Railroad Authority Compact. The contracting states solemnly
agree: Article I. The purpose of this compact is to promote and develop trade, commerce, industry,
and employment opportunities for the public good and welfare in northeast Mississippi and
northwest Alabama through the establishment of a joint interstate authority to acquire certain
railroad properties and facilities which the operator thereof has notified the Interstate
Commerce Commission of an intention to abandon and which are located in any of Franklin, Marion,
or Winston Counties, Alabama or in Alcorn or Tishomingo Counties, Mississippi. Article II.
This compact shall become effective immediately as to the State...
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7-7-102
Section 7-7-102 Definitions and index of definitions. (a) In this article, unless the context
otherwise requires: (1) "Bailee" means a person that by a warehouse receipt, bill
of lading, or other document of title acknowledges possession of goods and contracts to deliver
them. (2) A "carrier" means a person that issues a bill of lading. (3) "Consignee"
means a person named in a bill of lading to which or to whose order the bill promises delivery.
(4) "Consignor" means a person named in a bill of lading as the person from which
the goods have been received for shipment. (5) "Delivery order" means a record that
contains an order to deliver goods directed to a warehouse, carrier, or other person that
in the ordinary course of business issues warehouse receipts or bills of lading. (6) "Good
faith" means honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned. (7) "Goods"
means all things that are treated as movable for the purposes of a contract for storage or
transportation. (8) "Issuer"...
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7-7-304
Section 7-7-304 Tangible bills of lading in a set. (a) Except as customary in international
transportation, a tangible bill of lading may not be issued in a set of parts. The issuer
is liable for damages caused by violation of this subsection. (b) If a tangible bill of lading
is lawfully issued in a set of parts, each of which contains an identification code and is
expressed to be valid only if the goods have not been delivered against any other part, the
whole of the parts constitutes one bill. (c) If a tangible negotiable bill of lading is lawfully
issued in a set of parts and different parts are negotiated to different persons, the title
of the holder to which the first due negotiation is made prevails as to both the document
of title and the goods even if any later holder may have received the goods from the carrier
in good faith and discharged the carrier's obligation by surrendering its part. (d) A person
that negotiates or transfers a single part of a tangible bill of lading...
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7-7-503
Section 7-7-503 Document of title to goods defeated in certain cases. (a) A document of title
confers no right in goods against a person that before issuance of the document had a legal
interest or a perfected security interest in the goods and that did not: (1) Deliver or entrust
the goods or any document of title covering the goods to the bailor or the bailor's nominee
with: (A) Actual or apparent authority to ship, store, or sell; (B) Power to obtain delivery
under Section 7-7-403; or (C) Power of disposition under Section 7-2-403, 7-2A-304(2), 7-2A-305(2),
7-9A-320, or 7-9A-321(c) or other statute or rule of law; or (2) Acquiesce in the procurement
by the bailor or its nominee of any document. (b) Title to goods based upon an unaccepted
delivery order is subject to the rights of any person to which a negotiable warehouse receipt
or bill of lading covering the goods has been duly negotiated. That title may be defeated
under Section 7-7-504 to the same extent as the rights of the...
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7-8-102
Section 7-8-102 Definitions. (a) In this article: (1) "Adverse claim" means a claim
that a claimant has a property interest in a financial asset and that it is a violation of
the rights of the claimant for another person to hold, transfer, or deal with the financial
asset. (2) "Bearer form," as applied to a certificated security, means a form in
which the security is payable to the bearer of the security certificate according to its terms
but not by reason of an indorsement. (3) "Broker" means a person defined as a broker
or dealer under the federal securities laws, but without excluding a bank acting in that capacity.
(4) "Certificated security" means a security that is represented by a certificate.
(5) "Clearing corporation" means: (i) a person that is registered as a "clearing
agency" under the federal securities laws; (ii) a federal reserve bank; or (iii) any
other person that provides clearance or settlement services with respect to financial assets
that would require it to...
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7-9A-102
Section 7-9A-102 Definitions and index of definitions. (a) Article 9A definitions. In this
article: (1) "Accession" means goods that are physically united with other goods
in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. (2) "Account,"
except as used in "account for," means a right to payment of a monetary obligation,
whether or not earned by performance, (i) for property that has been or is to be sold, leased,
licensed, assigned, or otherwise disposed of, (ii) for services rendered or to be rendered,
(iii) for a policy of insurance issued or to be issued, (iv) for a secondary obligation incurred
or to be incurred, (v) for energy provided or to be provided, (vi) for the use or hire of
a vessel under a charter or other contract, (vii) arising out of the use of a credit or charge
card or information contained on or for use with the card, or (viii) as winnings in a lottery
or other game of chance operated or sponsored by a State, governmental unit of a State, or...

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