7-1-201
Section 7-1-201 General definitions. (a) [Reserved]. (b) Subject to additional definitions
contained in the subsequent articles of this title which are applicable to specific articles
or parts thereof, and unless the context otherwise requires, in this title: (1) "Action,"
in the sense of a judicial proceeding, includes recoupment, counterclaim, set-off, suit in
equity, and any other proceeding in which rights are determined. (2) "Aggrieved party"
means a party entitled to pursue a remedy. (3) "Agreement," as distinguished from
"contract," means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language
or inferred from other circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing,
or usage of trade as provided in Section 7-1-303. (4) "Bank" means a person engaged
in the business of banking and includes a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit
union, and trust company. (5) "Bearer" means a person in possession of a negotiable
instrument, document of title, or...
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7-9A-334
Section 7-9A-334 Priority of security interests in fixtures and crops. (a) Security interest
in fixtures under this article. A security interest under this article may be created in goods
that are fixtures or may continue in goods that become fixtures. A security interest does
not exist under this article in ordinary building materials incorporated into an improvement
on land. (b) Security interest in fixtures under real-property law. This article does not
prevent creation of an encumbrance upon fixtures under real property law. (c) General rule:
Subordination of security interest in fixtures. In cases not governed by subsections (d) through
(h), a security interest in fixtures is subordinate to a conflicting interest of an encumbrancer
or owner of the related real property other than the debtor. (d) Fixtures purchase-money priority.
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (h), a perfected security interest in fixtures
has priority over a conflicting interest of an encumbrancer or...
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7-5-118
Section 7-5-118 Security interest of issuer or nominated person. (a) An issuer or nominated
person has a security interest in a document presented under a letter of credit to the extent
that the issuer or nominated person honors or gives value for the presentation. (b) So long
as and to the extent that an issuer or nominated person has not been reimbursed or has not
otherwise recovered the value given with respect to a security interest in a document under
subsection (a), the security interest continues and is subject to Article 9A, but: (1) a security
agreement is not necessary to make the security interest enforceable under Section 7-9A-203(b)(3);
(2) if the document is presented in a medium other than a written or other tangible medium,
the security interest is perfected; and (3) if the document is presented in a written or other
tangible medium and is not a certificated security, chattel paper, a document of title, an
instrument, or a letter of credit, the security interest is...
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7-9A-320
Section 7-9A-320 Buyer of goods; Alabama Farmers Credit Protection Fund. (a) Buyer in ordinary
course of business. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), a buyer in ordinary course
of business, other than a person buying farm products from a person engaged in farming operations,
takes free of a security interest created by the buyer's seller, even if the security interest
is perfected and the buyer knows of its existence. (b) Buyer of consumer goods. Except as
otherwise provided in subsection (e), a buyer of goods from a person who used or bought the
goods for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes takes free of a security
interest, even if perfected, if the buyer buys: (1) without knowledge of the security interest;
(2) for value; (3) primarily for the buyer's personal, family, or household purposes; and
(4) before the filing of a financing statement covering the goods. (c) Effectiveness of filing
for subsection (b). To the extent that it affects the...
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7-9A-330
Section 7-9A-330 Priority of purchaser of chattel paper or instrument. (a) Purchaser's priority:
Security interest claimed merely as proceeds. A purchaser of chattel paper has priority over
a security interest in the chattel paper which is claimed merely as proceeds of inventory
subject to a security interest if: (1) in good faith and in the ordinary course of the purchaser's
business, the purchaser gives new value and takes possession of the chattel paper or obtains
control of the chattel paper under Section 7-9A-105; and (2) the chattel paper does not indicate
that it has been assigned to an identified assignee other than the purchaser. (b) Purchaser's
priority: Other security interests. A purchaser of chattel paper has priority over a security
interest in the chattel paper which is claimed other than merely as proceeds of inventory
subject to a security interest if the purchaser gives new value and takes possession of the
chattel paper or obtains control of the chattel paper under...
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7-2-505
Section 7-2-505 Seller's shipment under reservation. (1) Where the seller has identified goods
to the contract by or before shipment: (a) His procurement of a negotiable bill of lading
to his own order or otherwise reserves in him a security interest in the goods. His procurement
of the bill to the order of a financing agency or of the buyer indicates in addition only
the seller's expectation of transferring that interest to the person named. (b) A nonnegotiable
bill of lading to himself or his nominee reserves possession of the goods as security but
except in a case of conditional delivery (subsection (2) of Section 7-2-507) a nonnegotiable
bill of lading naming the buyer as consignee reserves no security interest even though the
seller retains possession or control of the bill of lading. (2) When shipment by the seller
with reservation of a security interest is in violation of the contract for sale, it constitutes
an improper contract for transportation within Section 7-2-504, but...
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7-7-209
Section 7-7-209 Lien of warehouse. (a) A warehouse has a lien against the bailor on the goods
covered by a warehouse receipt or storage agreement or on the proceeds thereof in its possession
for charges for storage or transportation, including demurrage and terminal charges, insurance,
labor, or other charges, present or future, in relation to the goods, and for expenses necessary
for preservation of the goods or reasonably incurred in their sale pursuant to law. If the
person on whose account the goods are held is liable for similar charges or expenses in relation
to other goods whenever deposited and it is stated in the warehouse receipt or storage agreement
that a lien is claimed for charges and expenses in relation to other goods, the warehouse
also has a lien against the goods covered by the warehouse receipt or storage agreement or
on the proceeds thereof in its possession for those charges and expenses, whether or not the
other goods have been delivered by the warehouse....
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7-9A-311
Section 7-9A-311 Perfection of security interests in property subject to certain statutes,
regulations, and treaties. (a) Security interest subject to other law. Except as otherwise
provided in subsection (d), the filing of a financing statement is not necessary or effective
to perfect a security interest in property subject to: (1) a statute, regulation, or treaty
of the United States whose requirements for a security interest's obtaining priority over
the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the property preempt Section 7-9A-310(a); (2)
Chapter 8 or Chapter 20 of Title 32 or another statute of this state which provides for a
security interest to be indicated on a certificate of title as a condition or result of the
security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to
the collateral, or any central filing system created by another statute of this state governing
perfection of a security interest in collateral that is subject to this article;...
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7-9A-331
Section 7-9A-331 Priority of rights of purchasers of instruments, documents, and securities
under other articles; priority of interests in financial assets and security entitlements
under Article 8. (a) Rights under Articles 3, 7, and 8 not limited. This article does not
limit the rights of a holder in due course of a negotiable instrument, a holder to which a
negotiable document of title has been duly negotiated, or a protected purchaser of a security.
These holders or purchasers take priority over an earlier security interest, even if perfected,
to the extent provided in Articles 3, 7, and 8. (b) Protection under Article 8. This article
does not limit the rights of or impose liability on a person to the extent that the person
is protected against the assertion of a claim under Article 8. (c) Filing not notice. Filing
under this article does not constitute notice of a claim or defense to the holders, or purchasers,
or persons described in subsections (a) and (b). (Act 2001-481, p....
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10A-1-1.03
Section 10A-1-1.03 Definitions. As used in this title, unless the context otherwise requires,
the following terms mean: (1) AFFILIATE. A person who controls, is controlled by, or is under
common control with another person. An affiliate of an individual includes the spouse, or
a parent or sibling thereof, of the individual, or a child, grandchild, sibling, parent, or
spouse of any thereof, of the individual, or an individual having the same home as the individual,
or a trust or estate of which an individual specified in this sentence is a substantial beneficiary;
a trust, estate, incompetent, conservatee, protected person, or minor of which the individual
is a fiduciary; or an entity of which the individual is director, general partner, agent,
employee or the governing authority or member of the governing authority. (2) ASSOCIATE. When
used to indicate a relationship with: (A) a domestic or foreign entity for which the person
is: (i) an officer or governing person; or (ii) a beneficial...
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