Code of Alabama

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7-7-504
Section 7-7-504 Rights acquired in absence of due negotiation; effect of diversion; stoppage
of delivery. (a) A transferee of a document of title, whether negotiable or nonnegotiable,
to which the document has been delivered but not duly negotiated, acquires the title and rights
that its transferor had or had actual authority to convey. (b) In the case of a transfer of
a nonnegotiable document of title, until but not after the bailee receives notice of the transfer,
the rights of the transferee may be defeated: (1) By those creditors of the transferor which
could treat the transfer as void under Section 7-2-402 or 7-2A-308; (2) By a buyer from the
transferor in ordinary course of business if the bailee has delivered the goods to the buyer
or received notification of the buyer's rights; (3) By a lessee from the transferor in ordinary
course of business if the bailee has delivered the goods to the lessee or received notification
of the lessee's rights; or (4) As against the bailee, by...
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7-7-102
Section 7-7-102 Definitions and index of definitions. (a) In this article, unless the context
otherwise requires: (1) "Bailee" means a person that by a warehouse receipt, bill
of lading, or other document of title acknowledges possession of goods and contracts to deliver
them. (2) A "carrier" means a person that issues a bill of lading. (3) "Consignee"
means a person named in a bill of lading to which or to whose order the bill promises delivery.
(4) "Consignor" means a person named in a bill of lading as the person from which
the goods have been received for shipment. (5) "Delivery order" means a record that
contains an order to deliver goods directed to a warehouse, carrier, or other person that
in the ordinary course of business issues warehouse receipts or bills of lading. (6) "Good
faith" means honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned. (7) "Goods"
means all things that are treated as movable for the purposes of a contract for storage or
transportation. (8) "Issuer"...
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7-2-503
Section 7-2-503 Manner of seller's tender of delivery. (1) Tender of delivery requires that
the seller put and hold conforming goods at the buyer's disposition and give the buyer any
notification reasonably necessary to enable him to take delivery. The manner, time and place
for tender are determined by the agreement and this article, and in particular: (a) Tender
must be at a reasonable hour, and if it is of goods they must be kept available for the period
reasonably necessary to enable the buyer to take possession; but (b) Unless otherwise agreed
the buyer must furnish facilities reasonably suited to the receipt of the goods. (2) Where
the case is within Section 7-2-504 respecting shipment, tender requires that the seller comply
with its provisions. (3) Where the seller is required to deliver at a particular destination,
tender requires that he comply with subsection (1) and also in any appropriate case tender
documents as described in subsections (4) and (5) of this section. (4)...
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7-2-403
Section 7-2-403 Power to transfer; good faith purchase of goods; "entrusting." (1)
A purchaser of goods acquires all title which his transferor had or had power to transfer
except that a purchaser of a limited interest acquires rights only to the extent of the interest
purchased. A person with voidable title has power to transfer a good title to a good faith
purchaser for value. When goods have been delivered under a transaction of purchase the purchaser
has such power even though: (a) The transferor was deceived as to the identity of the purchaser,
or (b) The delivery was in exchange for a check which is later dishonored, or (c) It was agreed
that the transaction was to be a "cash sale," or (d) The delivery was procured through
fraud punishable as larcenous under the criminal law. (2) Any entrusting of possession of
goods to a merchant who deals in goods of that kind gives him power to transfer all rights
of the entruster to a buyer in ordinary course of business. (3) "Entrusting"...

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7-1-201
in size than the surrounding text, or in contrasting type, font, or color to the surrounding
text of the same or lesser size; and (B) Language in the body of a record or display in larger
type than the surrounding text, or in contrasting type, font, or color to the surrounding
text of the same size, or set off from surrounding text of the same size by symbols or other
marks that call attention to the language. (11) "Consumer" means an individual who
enters into a transaction primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. (12)
"Contract," as distinguished from "agreement," means the total legal obligation
that results from the parties' agreement as determined by this title as supplemented by any
other applicable laws. (13) "Creditor" includes a general creditor, a secured creditor,
a lien creditor, and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the benefit
of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity, and an executor or administrator
of an...
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7-2A-103
or a line of machinery, or a quantity, as a gross or carload, or any other unit treated in
use or in the relevant market as a single whole. (d) "Conforming" goods or performance
under a lease contract means goods or performance that are in accordance with the obligations
under the lease contract. (e) "Consumer lease" means a lease that a lessor regularly
engaged in the business of leasing or selling makes to a lessee who is an individual and who
takes under the lease primarily for a personal, family, or household purpose, if the
total payments to be made under the lease contract, excluding payments for options to renew
or buy, do not exceed $100,000. (f) "Fault" means wrongful act, omission, breach,
or default. (g) "Finance lease" means a lease with respect to which: (i) the lessor
does not select, manufacture, or supply the goods; (ii) the lessor acquires the goods or the
right to possession and use of the goods in connection with the lease; and (iii) one of the
following...
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7-2A-304
Section 7-2A-304 Subsequent lease of goods by lessor. (1) Subject to Section 7-2A-303, a subsequent
lessee from a lessor of goods under an existing lease contract obtains, to the extent of the
leasehold interest transferred, the leasehold interest in the goods that the lessor had or
had power to transfer, and except as provided in subsection (2) and Section 7-2A-527(4), takes
subject to the existing lease contract. A lessor with voidable title has power to transfer
a good leasehold interest to a good faith subsequent lessee for value, but only to the extent
set forth in the preceding sentence. If goods have been delivered under a transaction of purchase,
the lessor has that power even though: (a) the lessor's transferor was deceived as to the
identity of the lessor; (b) the delivery was in exchange for a check which is later dishonored;
(c) it was agreed that the transaction was to be a "cash sale"; or (d) the delivery
was procured through fraud punishable as larcenous under the...
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7-7-501
Section 7-7-501 Form of negotiation and requirements of due negotiation. (a) The following
rules apply to a negotiable tangible document of title: (1) If the document's original terms
run to the order of a named person, the document is negotiated by the named person's indorsement
and delivery. After the named person's indorsement in blank or to bearer, any person may negotiate
the document by delivery alone. (2) If the document's original terms run to bearer, it is
negotiated by delivery alone. (3) If the document's original terms run to the order of a named
person and it is delivered to the named person, the effect is the same as if the document
had been negotiated. (4) Negotiation of the document after it has been indorsed to a named
person requires indorsement by the named person and delivery. (5) A document is duly negotiated
if it is negotiated in the manner stated in this subsection to a holder that purchases it
in good faith, without notice of any defense against or claim to it...
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7-9A-313
Section 7-9A-313 When possession by or delivery to secured party perfects security interest
without filing. (a) Perfection by possession or delivery. Except as otherwise provided in
subsection (b), a secured party may perfect a security interest in tangible negotiable documents,
goods, instruments, money, or tangible chattel paper by taking possession of the collateral.
A secured party may perfect a security interest in certificated securities by taking delivery
of the certificated securities under Section 7-8-301. (b) Goods covered by certificate of
title. With respect to goods covered by a certificate of title issued by this State, a secured
party may perfect a security interest in the goods by taking possession of the goods only
in the circumstances described in Section 7-9A-316(d). (c) Collateral in possession of person
other than debtor. With respect to collateral other than certificated securities and goods
covered by a document, a secured party takes possession of collateral in...
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7-9A-102
term includes: (A) proceeds to which a security interest attaches; (B) accounts, chattel paper,
payment intangibles, and promissory notes that have been sold; and (C) goods that are the
subject of a consignment. (13) "Commercial tort claim" means a claim arising in
tort with respect to which: (A) the claimant is an organization; or (B) the claimant is an
individual and the claim: (i) arose in the course of the claimant's business or profession;
and (ii) does not include damages arising out of personal injury to or the death
of an individual. (14) "Commodity account" means an account maintained by a commodity
intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer. (15) "Commodity
contract" means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract,
a commodity option, or another contract if the contract or option is: (A) traded on or subject
to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a
contract...
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