7-3-502
Section 7-3-502 Dishonor. (a) Dishonor of a note is governed by the following rules: (1) If
the note is payable on demand, the note is dishonored if presentment is duly made to the maker
and the note is not paid on the day of presentment. (2) If the note is not payable on demand
and is payable at or through a bank or the terms of the note require presentment, the note
is dishonored if presentment is duly made and the note is not paid on the day it becomes payable
or the day of presentment, whichever is later. (3) If the note is not payable on demand and
paragraph (2) does not apply, the note is dishonored if it is not paid on the day it becomes
payable. (b) Dishonor of an unaccepted draft other than a documentary draft is governed by
the following rules: (1) If a check is duly presented for payment to the payor bank otherwise
than for immediate payment over the counter, the check is dishonored if the payor bank makes
timely return of the check or sends timely notice of dishonor or...
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7-3-501
Section 7-3-501 Presentment. (a) "Presentment" means a demand made by or on behalf
of a person entitled to enforce an instrument (i) to pay the instrument made to the drawee
or a party obliged to pay the instrument or, in the case of a note or accepted draft payable
at a bank, to the bank, or (ii) to accept a draft made to the drawee. (b) The following rules
are subject to Article 4, agreement of the parties, and clearing-house rules and the like:
(1) Presentment may be made at the place of payment of the instrument and must be made at
the place of payment if the instrument is payable at a bank in the United States; may be made
by any commercially reasonable means, including an oral, written, or electronic communication;
is effective when the demand for payment or acceptance is received by the person to whom presentment
is made; and is effective if made to any one of two or more makers, acceptors, drawees, or
other payors. (2) Upon demand of the person to whom presentment is made, the...
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7-3-409
Section 7-3-409 Acceptance of draft; certified check. (a) "Acceptance" means the
drawee's signed agreement to pay a draft as presented. It must be written on the draft and
may consist of the drawee's signature alone. Acceptance may be made at any time and becomes
effective when notification pursuant to instructions is given or the accepted draft is delivered
for the purpose of giving rights on the acceptance to any person. (b) A draft may be accepted
although it has not been signed by the drawer, is otherwise incomplete, is overdue, or has
been dishonored. (c) If a draft is payable at a fixed period after sight and the acceptor
fails to date the acceptance, the holder may complete the acceptance by supplying a date in
good faith. (d) "Certified check" means a check accepted by the bank on which it
is drawn. Acceptance may be made as stated in subsection (a) or by a writing on the check
which indicates that the check is certified. The drawee of a check has no obligation to certify
the...
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7-3-118
Section 7-3-118 Statute of limitations. (a) Note payable at a definite time. Except as provided
in subsection (e), an action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay a note payable at
a definite time must be commenced within six years after the due date or dates stated in the
note or, if a due date is accelerated, within six years after the accelerated due date. (b)
Note payable on demand. Except as provided in subsection (d) or (e), if demand for payment
is made to the maker of a note payable on demand, an action to enforce the obligation of a
party to pay the note must be commenced within six years after the demand. If no demand for
payment is made to the maker, an action to enforce the note is barred if neither principal
nor interest on the note has been paid for a continuous period of 10 years. (c) Unaccepted
draft. Except as provided in subsection (d), an action to enforce the obligation of a party
to an unaccepted draft to pay the draft must be commenced within three years...
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7-4-301
Section 7-4-301 Deferred posting; recovery of payment by return of items; time of dishonor;
return of items by payor bank. (a) If a payor bank settles for a demand item other than a
documentary draft presented otherwise than for immediate payment over the counter before midnight
of the banking day of receipt, the payor bank may revoke the settlement and recover the settlement
if, before it has made final payment and before its midnight deadline, it (1) returns the
item; or (2) sends written notice of dishonor or nonpayment if the item is unavailable for
return. (b) If a demand item is received by a payor bank for credit on its books, it may return
the item or send notice of dishonor and may revoke any credit given or recover the amount
thereof withdrawn by its customer, if it acts within the time limit and in the manner specified
in subsection (a). (c) Unless previous notice of dishonor has been sent, an item is dishonored
at the time when for purposes of dishonor it is returned or...
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7-4-212
Section 7-4-212 Presentment by notice of item not payable by, through, or at bank; liability
of drawer or indorser. (a) Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank may present an item
not payable by, through, or at a bank by sending to the party to accept or pay a written notice
that the bank holds the item for acceptance or payment. The notice must be sent in time to
be received on or before the day when presentment is due and the bank must meet any requirement
of the party to accept or pay under Section 7-3-501 by the close of the bank's next banking
day after it knows of the requirement. (b) If presentment is made by notice and payment, acceptance,
or request for compliance with a requirement under Section 7-3-501 is not received by the
close of business on the day after maturity or, in the case of demand items, by the close
of business on the third banking day after notice was sent, the presenting bank may treat
the item as dishonored and charge any drawer or indorser by sending...
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7-4-302
Section 7-4-302 Payor bank's responsibility for late return of item. (a) If an item is presented
to and received by a payor bank, the bank is accountable for the amount of: (1) A demand item,
other than a documentary draft, whether properly payable or not, if the bank, in any case
in which it is not also the depositary bank, retains the item beyond midnight of the banking
day of receipt without settling for it or, whether or not it is also the depositary bank,
does not pay or return the item or send notice of dishonor until after its midnight deadline;
or (2) Any other properly payable item unless, within the time allowed for acceptance or payment
of that item, the bank either accepts or pays the item or returns it and accompanying documents.
(b) The liability of a payor bank to pay an item pursuant to subsection (a) is subject to
defenses based on breach of a presentment warranty (Section 7-4-208) or proof that the person
seeking enforcement of the liability presented or transferred...
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7-3-414
Section 7-3-414 Obligation of drawer. (a) This section does not apply to cashier's checks or
other drafts drawn on the drawer. (b) If an unaccepted draft is dishonored, the drawer is
obliged to pay the draft (i) according to its terms at the time it was issued or, if not issued,
at the time it first came into possession of a holder, or (ii) if the drawer signed an incomplete
instrument, according to its terms when completed, to the extent stated in Sections 7-3-115
and 7-3-407. The obligation is owed to a person entitled to enforce the draft or to an indorser
who paid the draft under Section 7-3-415. (c) If a draft is accepted by a bank, the drawer
is discharged, regardless of when or by whom acceptance was obtained. (d) If a draft is accepted
and the acceptor is not a bank, the obligation of the drawer to pay the draft if the draft
is dishonored by the acceptor is the same as the obligation of an indorser under Section 7-3-415(a)
and (c). (e) If a draft states that it is drawn...
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7-3-415
Section 7-3-415 Obligation of indorser. (a) Subject to subsections (b), (c), and (d) and to
Section 7-3-419(d), if an instrument is dishonored, an indorser is obliged to pay the amount
due on the instrument (i) according to the terms of the instrument at the time it was indorsed,
or (ii) if the indorser indorsed an incomplete instrument, according to its terms when completed,
to the extent stated in Sections 7-3-115 and 7-3-407. The obligation of the indorser is owed
to a person entitled to enforce the instrument or to a subsequent indorser who paid the instrument
under this section. (b) If an indorsement states that it is made "without recourse"
or otherwise disclaims liability of the indorser, the indorser is not liable under subsection
(a) to pay the instrument. (c) If notice of dishonor of an instrument is required by Section
7-3-503 and notice of dishonor complying with that section is not given to an indorser, the
liability of the indorser under subsection (a) is discharged. (d)...
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7-3-103
Section 7-3-103 Definitions. (a) In this article: (1) "Acceptor" means a drawee who
has accepted a draft. (2) "Drawee" means a person ordered in a draft to make payment.
(3) "Drawer" means a person who signs or is identified in a draft as a person ordering
payment. (4) "Good faith" means honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned.
(5) "Maker" means a person who signs or is identified in a note as a person undertaking
to pay. (6) "Order" means a written instruction to pay money signed by the person
giving the instruction. The instruction may be addressed to any person, including the person
giving the instruction, or to one or more persons jointly or in the alternative but not in
succession. An authorization to pay is not an order unless the person authorized to pay is
also instructed to pay. (7) "Ordinary care" in the case of a person engaged in business
means observance of reasonable commercial standards, prevailing in the area in which the person
is located, with respect...
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