Code of Alabama

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6-2-41
Section 6-2-41 Limitations on claims to charge real estate with debts and obligations of decedent.
(a) The real estate of persons dying testate or intestate shall, as against the rights of
mortgagees or purchasers for value from the heirs or devisees, be forever discharged from
the payment of all legal and equitable debts and obligations unless the persons, including
minors and insane persons, owning such debts or benefited by said obligations shall within
the time allowed by law, but in no event more than two years from the death of the deceased,
file in the probate court of the county where said property is located a verified claim showing
the nature and amount of said debts and obligations. (b) Wherever there has been no executor
or administrator appointed, then the person owning said debt or benefited by said obligation
must, within three months after filing said claim, cause letters testamentary or of administration
to be issued and proceed to subject said land to said debts or...
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7-9A-102
Section 7-9A-102 Definitions and index of definitions. (a) Article 9A definitions. In this
article: (1) "Accession" means goods that are physically united with other goods
in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. (2) "Account,"
except as used in "account for," means a right to payment of a monetary obligation,
whether or not earned by performance, (i) for property that has been or is to be sold, leased,
licensed, assigned, or otherwise disposed of, (ii) for services rendered or to be rendered,
(iii) for a policy of insurance issued or to be issued, (iv) for a secondary obligation incurred
or to be incurred, (v) for energy provided or to be provided, (vi) for the use or hire of
a vessel under a charter or other contract, (vii) arising out of the use of a credit or charge
card or information contained on or for use with the card, or (viii) as winnings in a lottery
or other game of chance operated or sponsored by a State, governmental unit of a State, or...

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35-11-451
Section 35-11-451 Brokers lien generally; recording notice; notice requirements; enforcement
of lien. (a) A real estate broker shall have a lien, in the amount of the compensation agreed
upon by and between the broker and his or her client, upon commercial real estate or any interest
therein which is subject to and described in the brokerage agreement and owned by a client
or by a party whose commercial real estate may be liened if different from the client who
has received written notice from the broker in conformity with subsection (f) prior to obtaining
an interest in the commercial real estate through a purchase, lease, or conveyance. Commercial
real estate, or an interest therein, acquired by a person other than a client prior to receipt
of the notice from the broker required by this division is not subject to the lien provided
by this division. The lien shall arise: (1) Upon the satisfaction of each of: a. Conveyance
of the commercial real estate identified in and subject to the...
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13A-8-1
Section 13A-8-1 Definitions. The following definitions are applicable in this article unless
the context otherwise requires: (1) DECEPTION occurs when a person knowingly: a. Creates or
confirms another's impression which is false and which the defendant does not believe to be
true; or b. Fails to correct a false impression which the defendant previously has created
or confirmed; or c. Fails to correct a false impression when the defendant is under a duty
to do so; or d. Prevents another from acquiring information pertinent to the disposition of
the property involved; or e. Sells or otherwise transfers or encumbers property, failing to
disclose a lien, adverse claim, or other legal impediment to the enjoyment of the property
when the defendant is under a duty to do so, whether that impediment is or is not valid, or
is not a matter of official record; or f. Promises performance which the defendant does not
intend to perform or knows will not be performed. Failure to perform, standing...
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7-3-311
Section 7-3-311 Accord and satisfaction by use of instrument. (a) If a person against whom
a claim is asserted proves that (i) that person in good faith tendered an instrument to the
claimant as full satisfaction of the claim, (ii) the amount of the claim was unliquidated
or subject to a bona fide dispute, and (iii) the claimant obtained payment of the instrument,
the following subsections apply. (b) Unless subsection (c) applies, the claim is discharged
if the person against whom the claim is asserted proves that the instrument or an accompanying
written communication contained a conspicuous statement to the effect that the instrument
was tendered as full satisfaction of the claim. (c) Subject to subsection (d), a claim is
not discharged under subsection (b) if either of the following applies: (1) The claimant,
if an organization, proves that (i) within a reasonable time before the tender, the claimant
sent a conspicuous statement to the person against whom the claim is asserted that...
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35-10-20
Section 35-10-20 When indebtedness presumed to have been paid. As to third parties without
actual notice or knowledge to the contrary, the indebtedness secured by any recorded mortgage,
or reservation of vendor's lien, either in deed of conveyance or note, bond or contract of
purchase covering real estate 20 years past due according to the original maturity date, or
some new date fixed by a duly recorded extension agreement, shall be conclusively presumed
to have been paid unless the record of such mortgage or lien shows a credit by the mortgagee,
or lienee, or owner of the debt, or his assignee of one or more payments upon such indebtedness
within the 20 years last passed. And if the final maturity date of the debt is not shown by
the mortgage or lien, or a recorded extension agreement, or cannot be determined by calculation
from the recitals contained therein, then the time shall run from the date of the mortgage
or lien. The notation of credits mentioned in the next preceding...
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40-10-29
Section 40-10-29 Deeds - Delivered to purchaser. After the expiration of three years from the
date of the sale of any real estate for taxes, the judge of probate then in office must execute
and deliver to the purchaser, other than the state, or person to whom the certificate of purchase
has been assigned, upon the return of the certificate, proof that all ad valorem taxes have
been paid, and payment of a fee of five dollars ($5) to the judge of probate, a deed to each
lot or parcel of real estate sold to the purchaser and remaining unredeemed, including therein,
if desired by the purchaser, any number of parcels, or lots purchased by him at such sale;
and such deed shall convey to and vest in the grantee all the right, title, interest and estate
of the person whose duty it was to pay the taxes on such real estate and the lien and claim
of the state and county thereto, but it shall not convey the right, title or interest of any
reversioner or remainderman therein. (Acts 1935, No. 194,...
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40-7-4
Section 40-7-4 Taxpayer to attend appointment and return list of property; failure to furnish
description of real estate. It is the duty of every person in every election precinct to attend
in person before the assessor on the first day of the appointment in the precinct of the taxpayer's
residence and then and there to render to the assessor under oath a full and complete list
of all property of which he was owner, or in which he had any interest whatever, or of which
he was trustee or agent on October 1 of that year. The land and improvements thereon and homesteads
must be separately listed and valued. On failure of the taxpayer for 30 days after demand
or notice by the tax assessor to furnish a sufficient description of his real estate, said
tax assessor shall secure such description from the records of conveyance in the office of
the probate court of his county, and if he is unable to get a sufficient description from
such records, then by a survey of property by the county...
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8-9A-1
Section 8-9A-1 Definitions. As used in this chapter: (1) AFFILIATE. a. A person who directly
or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 20 percent or more of the outstanding
voting securities of the debtor, other than a person who holds the securities, 1. As a fiduciary
or agent without sole discretionary power to vote the securities; or 2. Solely to secure a
debt, if the person has not exercised the power to vote; b. A corporation 20 percent or more
of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled, or held
with power to vote, by the debtor or a person who directly or indirectly owns, controls, or
holds, with power to vote, 20 percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the
debtor, other than a person who holds the securities, 1. As a fiduciary or agent without sole
power to vote the securities; or 2. Solely to secure a debt, if the person has not in fact
exercised the power to vote; c. A person whose business is operated...
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8-9B-2
Section 8-9B-2 Definitions. As used in this chapter: (1) "Affiliate" means: (i) a
person that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 20 percent
or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than a person that holds
the securities: (A) as a fiduciary or agent without sole discretionary power to vote the securities;
or (B) solely to secure a debt, if the person has not in fact exercised the power to vote;
(ii) a corporation 20 percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly
or indirectly owned, controlled, or held, with power to vote, by the debtor or a person that
directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds, with power to vote, 20 percent or more of
the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than a person that holds the securities:
(A) as a fiduciary or agent without sole discretionary power to vote the securities; or (B)
solely to secure a debt, if the person has not in fact exercised the power to...
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