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7-1-201
Section 7-1-201 General definitions. (a) [Reserved]. (b) Subject to additional definitions
contained in the subsequent articles of this title which are applicable to specific articles
or parts thereof, and unless the context otherwise requires, in this title: (1) "Action,"
in the sense of a judicial proceeding, includes recoupment, counterclaim, set-off, suit in
equity, and any other proceeding in which rights are determined. (2) "Aggrieved party"
means a party entitled to pursue a remedy. (3) "Agreement," as distinguished from
"contract," means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language
or inferred from other circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing,
or usage of trade as provided in Section 7-1-303. (4) "Bank" means a person engaged
in the business of banking and includes a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit
union, and trust company. (5) "Bearer" means a person in possession of a negotiable
instrument, document of title, or...
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43-2-837
Section 43-2-837 Duty of personal representative; possession of estate. Except as otherwise
provided by a decedent's will, every personal representative has a right to, and shall take
possession or control of, the decedent's property, except that any real property or tangible
personal property may be left with or surrendered to the person presumptively entitled thereto
unless or until, in the judgment of the personal representative, possession of the property
by the personal representative will be necessary for purposes of administration. A request
in writing by a personal representative for delivery of any property possessed by an heir
or devisee is conclusive evidence, in any action against the heir or devisee for possession
thereof, that the possession of the property by the personal representative is necessary for
purposes of administration. The personal representative shall pay taxes on, receive the income
therefrom, and pay the expenses reasonably necessary for the management,...
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43-2-691
Section 43-2-691 Definitions. For the purposes of this division, the following words and phrases
shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them by this section: (1) DEVISEES. The persons
who are entitled to the personal property of a decedent under the terms of a testamentary
disposition. (2) DISTRIBUTEES. The persons who are entitled to the personal property of a
decedent under the terms of a testamentary disposition or under the Alabama descent and distribution
statutes. (3) ESTATE. All the personal property of a decedent who owns no real property at
the time of his or her death for which title does not pass by operation of law. (4) HEIRS.
The persons who are entitled to the personal property of a decedent under the Alabama descent
and distribution statutes. (5) PERSON. The term includes natural persons and corporations.
(6) PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE. The term includes an executor, administrator, administrator with
the will annexed, and special administrator. (Acts 1975, 3rd Ex....
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43-2-833
Section 43-2-833 General duties; relation and liability to persons interested in estate; standing
to sue. (a) A personal representative is a fiduciary. Except as otherwise provided by the
terms of the will, the personal representative shall observe the standards in dealing with
the estate that would be observed by a prudent person dealing with the property of another.
If the personal representative has special skills or is named personal representative on the
basis of representations of special skills or expertise, the personal representative is under
a duty to use those skills. A personal representative is under a duty to settle and distribute
the estate of the decedent in accordance with the terms of any probated and effective will
and Title 43, and as expeditiously and efficiently as is consistent with the best interests
of the estate. The personal representative shall use the authority conferred upon personal
representatives by law, the terms of the will, if any, and any order in...
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40-15-3
Section 40-15-3 Duplicate of federal return filed by executor; computation by Department of
Revenue. It is hereby made the duty of the executor of the estate of any person who has died
a resident of Alabama and upon which estate the tax imposed under any federal revenue act
has not been paid, and the executor of any person who may hereafter die a resident of this
state, and whose estate is subject to the payment of a federal estate tax, to file with the
Department of Revenue of Alabama a duplicate of all the returns which he is required to make
to the federal authorities for the purpose of having the estate taxes determined. When such
duplicate return is filed with the Department of Revenue, it shall compute the amount of tax
that would be due upon said return as federal estate taxes imposed under any federal act permitting
credit of inheritance or estate taxes to the states upon the property of said estate taxable
in the State of Alabama and shall assess against said estate as estate...
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40-5-4
Section 40-5-4 Commissions. The tax collector shall be entitled to receive commissions on taxes
collected by him, not including taxes on real estate bid in by the state at tax sales and
taxes which would be due on property except for the provisions of the presently applicable
law exempting homesteads from state taxes, as follows: In counties where collections, not
including taxes on real estate bid in by the state at tax sales and taxes which would be due
on property except for the provisions of the presently applicable law exempting homesteads
from state taxes, do not exceed $12,000, the rate of commission shall be 10 percent on the
first $5,000, five percent on the next $4,000 and four percent on the remainder. The commission
herein provided for is to be calculated on collections for real property and personal property,
except motor vehicles, for the general fund of the state and county. In counties where the
collections, not including taxes on real estate bid in by the state at tax...
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43-2-843
Section 43-2-843 Transactions authorized for personal representatives; exceptions. Except as
restricted or otherwise provided by the will or by an order of court and subject to the priorities
stated in Section 43-8-76, a personal representative, acting prudently for the benefit of
the interested persons, may properly: (1) Retain assets owned by the decedent pending distribution
or liquidation including those in which the representative is personally interested or which
are otherwise improper for trust investment. (2) Receive assets from fiduciaries, or other
sources. (3) Perform, compromise, or refuse performance of the decedent's contracts that continue
as obligations of the estate, as the personal representative may determine under the circumstances.
In performing enforceable contracts by the decedent to convey or lease land, the personal
representative, among other possible courses of action, may do either of the following: a.
Execute and deliver a deed of conveyance for cash...
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8-13-23
Section 8-13-23 Chapter not applicable to certain sales. In the following cases the provisions
of this chapter shall not apply: (1) Sales for the estate of a decedent by the personal representative,
or his agent, according to law or by the provisions of the will. (2) Sales of property conveyed
by deed of trust, mortgage, or judgment or ordered to be sold according to the mortgage, judgment,
or order. (3) Sales of all agricultural produce and livestock arising from the labor of the
seller or other labor under his control on or belonging to his real or personal estate and
not purchased or sold for speculation. (4) All sales under legal process. (5) Sales by a licensed
pawnbroker or loan company which is selling or offering for sale unredeemed pledges of chattels
as provided by law. (6) Sales made within the incorporated limits or police jurisdiction of
any municipality of the State of Alabama under a license granted by such municipality pursuant
to the provisions of a valid ordinance of...
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40-18-15
Section 40-18-15 Deductions for individuals generally. (a) No deduction shall be allowed for
any losses, expenses, or interest deferred or disallowed pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 267 or for
any cost required to be capitalized in accordance with 26 U.S.C. § 263A; otherwise, there
shall be allowed as deductions: (1) All ordinary and necessary expenses paid or incurred during
the taxable year in carrying on any trade or business, as determined in accordance with 26
U.S.C. § 162. (2) Interest paid or accrued within the taxable year on indebtedness, limited
to the amount allowable as an interest deduction for federal income tax purposes in the corresponding
tax year or period pursuant to the provisions of 26 U.S.C. §§ 163, 264, and 265. (3) The
following taxes paid or accrued within the taxable year: a. Income taxes, Federal Insurance
Contribution Act taxes, taxes on self-employment income and estate and gift taxes imposed
by authority of the United States or any possession of the United...
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19-3A-102
Section 19-3A-102 Definitions. As used in this chapter, the following terms are defined as
follows: (1) ACCOUNTING PERIOD. A calendar year unless another 12-month period is selected
by a fiduciary. The term includes a portion of a calendar year or other 12-month period that
begins when an income interest begins or ends when an income interest ends. (2) BENEFICIARY.
Includes, in the case of a decedent's estate, an heir, legatee, and devisee and, in the case
of a trust, an income beneficiary and a remainder beneficiary. (3) FIDUCIARY. A personal representative
or a trustee. The term includes an executor, administrator, successor personal representative,
special administrator, and a person performing substantially the same function. (4) INCOME.
Money or property that a fiduciary receives as current return from a principal asset. The
term also includes a portion of receipts from a sale, exchange, or liquidation of a principal
asset, to the extent provided in Article 4. (5) INCOME...
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