31-2A-64
Section 31-2A-64 (Article 64.) Review by the Senior Judge Advocate. (a) Each general and special court-martial case in which there has been a finding of guilty shall be reviewed by the senior judge advocate, or a designee for the convening authority. The senior judge advocate, or designee, may not review a case under this subsection if that person has acted in the same case as an accuser, investigating officer, member of the court, military judge, or counsel or has otherwise acted on behalf of the prosecution or defense. The senior judge advocate's review shall be in writing and shall contain all of the following: (1) Conclusions as to whether: a. The court had jurisdiction over the accused and the offense. b. The charge and specification stated an offense. c. The sentence was within the limits prescribed as a matter of law. (2) A response to each allegation of error made in writing by the accused. (3) If the case is sent for action under subsection (b), a recommendation as to the...
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31-2A-71
Section 31-2A-71 (Article 71.) Execution of sentence; suspension of sentence. (a) If the sentence of the court-martial extends to dismissal or bad-conduct discharge and if the right of the accused to appellate review is not waived, and an appeal is not withdrawn under Section 31-2A-61 (Article 61), that part of the sentence extending to dismissal or bad-conduct discharge may not be executed until there is a final judgment as to the legality of the proceedings. A judgment as to the legality of the proceedings is final in such cases when review is completed by an appellate court prescribed in Section 31-2A-67 (Article 67), and is deemed final by the law of the State of Alabama. (b) If the sentence of the court-martial extends to dismissal or bad conduct discharge and if the right of the accused to appellate review is waived, or an appeal is withdrawn under Section 31-2A-61 (Article 61), that part of the sentence extending to dismissal or a bad-conduct discharge may not be executed until...
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31-2A-15
Section 31-2A-15 (Article 15.) Commanding officer's non-judicial punishment. (a) Under such regulations as prescribed, any commanding officer may impose disciplinary punishments for minor offenses without the intervention of a court-martial pursuant to this article. The Governor, the Adjutant General, or an officer or a general or flag rank in command may delegate the powers under this article to a principal assistant who is a member of the Alabama National Guard. (b) For the purposes of this article, the term "day" shall mean the following: (1) For the purposes of pay, one day shall equal one active duty military payday. (2) For all other purposes, one day shall equal one calendar day. (c) For the purposes of this part, all members must be in military status when punishment is imposed. (d) Any commanding officer may impose upon enlisted members of the officer's command any of the following: (1) An admonition. (2) A reprimand. (3) The withholding of privileges for up to six consecutive...
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31-2A-60
Section 31-2A-60 (Article 60.) Action by the convening authority. (a) The findings and sentence of a court-martial shall be reported promptly to the convening authority after the announcement of the sentence. (b)(1) The accused may submit to the convening authority matters for consideration by the convening authority with respect to the findings and the sentence. Any submission shall be in writing. Except in a summary court-martial case, a submission shall be made within 10 days after the accused has been given an authenticated record of trial and, if applicable, the recommendation of a judge advocate under subsection (d). In a summary court-martial case, such a submission shall be made within seven days after the sentence is announced. (2) If the accused shows that additional time is required for the accused to submit such matters, the convening authority or other person taking action under this article, for good cause, may extend the applicable period under subdivision (1) for up to...
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31-2A-6
Section 31-2A-6 (Article 6.) Judge Advocates. (a) The senior force judge advocates in each of the state's military forces or that judge advocate's delegates shall make frequent inspections in the field in supervision of the administration of military justice in that force. (b) Convening authorities shall at all times communicate directly with their judge advocates in matters relating to the administration of military justice. The judge advocate of any command is entitled to communicate directly with the judge advocate of a superior or subordinate command, or with the State Judge Advocate. (c) No person who has acted as member, military judge, trial counsel, defense counsel, or investigating officer, or who has been a witness, in any case may later act as a judge advocate to any reviewing authority upon the same case. (Act 2012-334, p. 790, §1.)...
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31-2A-26
Section 31-2A-26 (Article 26.) Military judge of a general or special court-martial. (a) A military judge shall be detailed to each general and special court-martial. The military judge shall preside over each open session of the court-martial to which the military judge has been detailed. (b) A military judge shall be all of the following: (1) An active or retired commissioned officer. (2) A member in good standing of the bar of the highest court of a state or a member of the bar of a federal court for at least five years. (3) Either a certified military judge or a judge of a court of competent jurisdiction who is approved by the Adjutant General. (c) In the instance when a military judge is not a member of the bar of the highest court of the state, the military judge shall be deemed admitted pro hac vice, subject to filing a certificate with the state judge advocate setting forth such qualifications provided in subsection (b) and with notice and approval of the State Bar and Chief...
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31-2A-32
Section 31-2A-32 (Article 32.) Preliminary hearing; report. (a) No charge or specification may be referred to a general court-martial for trial until the completion of a preliminary hearing, unless the preliminary hearing is waived by the accused. The purpose of the preliminary hearing shall be limited to the following: (1) Determining whether there is probable cause to believe an offense has been committed and the accused committed the offense. (2) Determining whether the convening authority has court-martial jurisdiction over the offense and the accused. (3) Considering the form of charges. (4) Recommending the disposition that should be made of the case. (b) A preliminary hearing under subsection (a) shall be conducted by a hearing officer who satisfies all of the following: (1) The hearing officer shall be an impartial judge advocate whenever practicable or, in exceptional circumstances in which the interests of justice warrant, an impartial hearing officer who is not a judge...
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31-2A-70
Section 31-2A-70 (Article 70.) Appellate counsel. (a) The senior judge advocate shall detail a judge advocate as appellate government counsel to represent the state in the review or appeal of cases specified in Section 31-2A-67 (Article 67) and before any federal court when requested to do so by the state Attorney General. (b) Upon an appeal by the state, an accused has the right to be represented by detailed military counsel before any reviewing authority and before any appellate court. (c) Upon the appeal by an accused, the accused has the right to be represented by military counsel before any reviewing authority. (d) Upon the request of an accused entitled to be so represented, the regional defense counsel shall appoint a judge advocate to represent the accused in the review or appeal of cases specified in subsections (b) and (c). (e) An accused may be represented by civilian appellate counsel at no expense to the state. (Act 2012-334, p. 790, §1.)...
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31-2A-1
Section 31-2A-1 (Article 1.) Definitions. For the purposes of this code, unless the context otherwise requires, the following words have the following meanings: (1) ACCUSER. A person who signs and swears to charges, any person who directs that charges nominally be signed and sworn to by another, and any other person who has an interest other than an official interest in the prosecution of the accused. (2) CADET, CANDIDATE, or MIDSHIPMAN. A person who is enrolled in or attending a state military academy, a regional training institute, or any other formal education program for the purpose of becoming a commissioned officer in the state military forces. (3) CLASSIFIED INFORMATION. Information that meets all of the following requirements: a. Any information or material that has been determined by an official of the United States or any state pursuant to law, an Executive order, or regulation to require protection against unauthorized disclosure for reasons of national or state security. b....
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31-2A-44
Section 31-2A-44 (Article 44.) Former jeopardy. (a) No person, without his or her consent, may be tried a second time for the same offense. (b) No proceeding in which an accused has been found guilty by a court-martial upon any charge or specification is a trial pursuant to this article until the finding of guilty has become final after review of the case has been fully completed. (c) A proceeding which, after the introduction of evidence but before a finding, is dismissed or terminated by the convening authority or on motion of the prosecution for failure of available evidence or witnesses without any fault of the accused is a trial in the sense of this article. (d) Any offense adjudicated under Chapter 47 of Title 10, U.S.C., shall be barred from prosecution under this code. (Act 2012-334, p. 790, §1.)...
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