Code of Alabama

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31-2A-70
Section 31-2A-70 (Article 70.) Appellate counsel. (a) The senior judge advocate shall detail
a judge advocate as appellate government counsel to represent the state in the review or appeal
of cases specified in Section 31-2A-67 (Article 67) and before any federal court when requested
to do so by the state Attorney General. (b) Upon an appeal by the state, an accused has the
right to be represented by detailed military counsel before any reviewing authority and before
any appellate court. (c) Upon the appeal by an accused, the accused has the right to be represented
by military counsel before any reviewing authority. (d) Upon the request of an accused entitled
to be so represented, the regional defense counsel shall appoint a judge advocate to represent
the accused in the review or appeal of cases specified in subsections (b) and (c). (e) An
accused may be represented by civilian appellate counsel at no expense to the state. (Act
2012-334, p. 790, §1.)...
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31-2A-32
Section 31-2A-32 (Article 32.) Preliminary hearing; report. (a) No charge or specification
may be referred to a general court-martial for trial until the completion of a preliminary
hearing, unless the preliminary hearing is waived by the accused. The purpose of the preliminary
hearing shall be limited to the following: (1) Determining whether there is probable cause
to believe an offense has been committed and the accused committed the offense. (2) Determining
whether the convening authority has court-martial jurisdiction over the offense and the accused.
(3) Considering the form of charges. (4) Recommending the disposition that should be made
of the case. (b) A preliminary hearing under subsection (a) shall be conducted by a hearing
officer who satisfies all of the following: (1) The hearing officer shall be an impartial
judge advocate whenever practicable or, in exceptional circumstances in which the interests
of justice warrant, an impartial hearing officer who is not a judge...
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31-2A-1
Section 31-2A-1 (Article 1.) Definitions. For the purposes of this code, unless the context
otherwise requires, the following words have the following meanings: (1) ACCUSER. A person
who signs and swears to charges, any person who directs that charges nominally be signed and
sworn to by another, and any other person who has an interest other than an official interest
in the prosecution of the accused. (2) CADET, CANDIDATE, or MIDSHIPMAN. A person who is enrolled
in or attending a state military academy, a regional training institute, or any other formal
education program for the purpose of becoming a commissioned officer in the state military
forces. (3) CLASSIFIED INFORMATION. Information that meets all of the following requirements:
a. Any information or material that has been determined by an official of the United States
or any state pursuant to law, an Executive order, or regulation to require protection against
unauthorized disclosure for reasons of national or state security. b....
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40-2B-2
as it deems best adapted for public convenience. Such publications shall be made permanently
available and constitute the official reports of the Alabama Tax Tribunal. (p) Service of
Process. (1) Mailing by first class or certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, to the
address of the taxpayer given on the taxpayer's notice of appeal, or to the address of the
taxpayer's representative of record, if any, or to the usual place of business of the Department
of Revenue, shall constitute personal service on the other party. The Alabama Tax Tribunal,
by rule, may prescribe that notice by other means shall constitute personal service
and, in a particular case, may order that notice be given to additional persons or by other
means. (2) Mailing by registered or certified mail and delivery by a private delivery service
approved by the Internal Revenue Service in accordance with Section 7502(f) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, shall be deemed to have occurred,...
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31-2A-6
Section 31-2A-6 (Article 6.) Judge Advocates. (a) The senior force judge advocates in each
of the state's military forces or that judge advocate's delegates shall make frequent inspections
in the field in supervision of the administration of military justice in that force. (b) Convening
authorities shall at all times communicate directly with their judge advocates in matters
relating to the administration of military justice. The judge advocate of any command is entitled
to communicate directly with the judge advocate of a superior or subordinate command, or with
the State Judge Advocate. (c) No person who has acted as member, military judge, trial counsel,
defense counsel, or investigating officer, or who has been a witness, in any case may later
act as a judge advocate to any reviewing authority upon the same case. (Act 2012-334, p. 790,
§1.)...
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31-2A-26
Section 31-2A-26 (Article 26.) Military judge of a general or special court-martial. (a) A
military judge shall be detailed to each general and special court-martial. The military judge
shall preside over each open session of the court-martial to which the military judge has
been detailed. (b) A military judge shall be all of the following: (1) An active or retired
commissioned officer. (2) A member in good standing of the bar of the highest court of a state
or a member of the bar of a federal court for at least five years. (3) Either a certified
military judge or a judge of a court of competent jurisdiction who is approved by the Adjutant
General. (c) In the instance when a military judge is not a member of the bar of the highest
court of the state, the military judge shall be deemed admitted pro hac vice, subject to filing
a certificate with the state judge advocate setting forth such qualifications provided in
subsection (b) and with notice and approval of the State Bar and Chief...
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31-2A-27
Section 31-2A-27 (Article 27.) Detail of trial counsel and defense counsel. (a)(1) Trial counsel
and defense counsel shall be detailed for each general and special court-martial. The Alabama
National Guard shall prescribe regulations providing the manner in which counsel are detailed
for such court-martial and for persons who are authorized to detail counsel for such court-martial.
(2) No person who has acted as investigating officer, military judge, witness, or court member
in any case may act later as trial counsel, assistant trial counsel, or, unless expressly
requested by the accused, as defense counsel or assistant or associate defense counsel in
the same case. No person who has acted for the prosecution may act later in the same case
for the defense nor may any person who has acted for the defense act later in the same case
for the prosecution. (3) Except as provided in subsection (b), trial counsel or defense counsel
detailed for a general or special court-martial must be a...
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31-2A-38
Section 31-2A-38 (Article 38.) Duties of trial counsel and defense counsel. (a) The trial counsel
of a general or special court-martial shall prosecute in the name of the state, and, under
the direction of the court, shall prepare the record of the proceedings. (b)(1) The accused
has the right to be represented in defense before a general or special court-martial or at
an investigation under Section 31-2A-32 (Article 32) as provided in this subsection. (2) The
accused may be represented by civilian counsel at the provision and expense of the accused.
(3) The accused may be represented by either of the following: a. By military counsel detailed
under Section 31-2A-27 (Article 27). b. By military counsel of the accused's own selection
if that counsel is reasonably available as determined under subdivision (7). (4) If the accused
is represented by civilian counsel, military counsel detailed or selected under subdivision
(3) shall act as associate counsel unless excused at the request of...
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31-2A-37
Section 31-2A-37 (Article 37.) Unlawfully influencing action of court. (a) No authority convening
a general, special, or summary court-martial, nor any other commanding officer, or officer
serving on the staff thereof, may censure, reprimand, or admonish the court or any member,
the military judge, or counsel thereof, with respect to the findings or sentence adjudged
by the court or with respect to any other exercise of its or their functions in the conduct
of the proceedings. No person subject to this code may attempt to coerce or, by any unauthorized
means, influence the action of a court-martial or court of inquiry or any member thereof,
in reaching the findings or sentence in any case, or the action of any convening, approving,
or reviewing authority with respect to its judicial acts. This subsection shall not apply
to either of the following: (1) General instructional or informational courses in military
justice if such courses are designed solely for the purpose of instructing...
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31-2A-25
Section 31-2A-25 (Article 25.) Who may serve on courts-martial. (a) Any commissioned officer
of the Alabama National Guard is eligible to serve on all courts-martial for the trial of
any person subject to this code. (b) Any warrant officer of the Alabama National Guard is
eligible to serve on general and special courts-martial for the trial of any person subject
to this code, other than a commissioned officer. (c) Any enlisted member of the state military
forces who is not a member of the same unit as the accused is eligible to serve on general
and special courts-martial for the trial of any enlisted member subject to this code, but
that member shall serve as a member of a court only if, before the conclusion of a session
called by the military judge under Section 31-2A-39a (Article 39(a)) prior to trial or, in
the absence of such a session, before the court is assembled for the trial of the accused,
the accused personally has requested orally on the record or in writing that enlisted...
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