Code of Alabama

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31-2A-27
Section 31-2A-27 (Article 27.) Detail of trial counsel and defense counsel. (a)(1) Trial counsel
and defense counsel shall be detailed for each general and special court-martial. The Alabama
National Guard shall prescribe regulations providing the manner in which counsel are detailed
for such court-martial and for persons who are authorized to detail counsel for such court-martial.
(2) No person who has acted as investigating officer, military judge, witness, or court member
in any case may act later as trial counsel, assistant trial counsel, or, unless expressly
requested by the accused, as defense counsel or assistant or associate defense counsel in
the same case. No person who has acted for the prosecution may act later in the same case
for the defense nor may any person who has acted for the defense act later in the same case
for the prosecution. (3) Except as provided in subsection (b), trial counsel or defense counsel
detailed for a general or special court-martial must be a...
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31-2A-25
Section 31-2A-25 (Article 25.) Who may serve on courts-martial. (a) Any commissioned officer
of the Alabama National Guard is eligible to serve on all courts-martial for the trial of
any person subject to this code. (b) Any warrant officer of the Alabama National Guard is
eligible to serve on general and special courts-martial for the trial of any person subject
to this code, other than a commissioned officer. (c) Any enlisted member of the state military
forces who is not a member of the same unit as the accused is eligible to serve on general
and special courts-martial for the trial of any enlisted member subject to this code, but
that member shall serve as a member of a court only if, before the conclusion of a session
called by the military judge under Section 31-2A-39a (Article 39(a)) prior to trial or, in
the absence of such a session, before the court is assembled for the trial of the accused,
the accused personally has requested orally on the record or in writing that enlisted...
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31-2A-49
Section 31-2A-49 (Article 49.) Depositions. (a) At any time after charges have been signed
as provided in Section 31-2A-30 (Article 30), any party may take oral or written depositions
unless the military judge or summary court-martial officer hearing the case or, if the case
is not being heard, an authority competent to convene a court-martial for the trial of those
charges forbids it for good cause. (b) The party at whose instance a deposition is to be taken
shall give to every other party reasonable written notice of the time and place for taking
the deposition. (c) Depositions may be taken before and authenticated by any military or civil
officer authorized by the laws of the state or by the laws of the place where the deposition
is taken to administer oaths. (d) A duly authenticated deposition taken upon reasonable notice
to the other parties, so far as otherwise admissible under the rules of evidence, may be read
in evidence or, in the case of audiotape, videotape, digital image...
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31-2A-36
Section 31-2A-36 (Article 36.) Governor or the Adjutant General may prescribe rules Pretrial,
trial, and post-trial procedures, including modes of proof, for court-martial cases arising
under this code, and for courts of inquiry, may be prescribed by the Governor or the Adjutant
General by rules, or as otherwise provided by law, which shall apply the principles of law
and the rules of evidence generally recognized in military criminal cases in the courts of
the Armed Forces but which may not be contrary to or inconsistent with this code. (Act 2012-334,
p. 790, §1.)...
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31-2A-31
Section 31-2A-31 (Article 31.) Compulsory self-incrimination prohibited. (a) No person subject
to this code may compel any person to incriminate himself or herself or to answer any question
the answer to which may tend to incriminate him or her. (b) No person subject to this code
may interrogate or request any statement from an accused or a person suspected of an offense
without first informing that person of the nature of the accusation and advising that person
that he or she does not have to make any statement regarding the offense of which the person
is accused or suspected and that any statement made by the person may be used as evidence
against the person in a trial by court-martial. (c) No person subject to this code may compel
any person to make a statement or produce evidence before any military court if the statement
or evidence is not material to the issue and may tend to degrade the person. (d) No statement
obtained from any person in violation of this article or through the...
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12-12-32
Section 12-12-32 Criminal jurisdiction generally. (a) Misdemeanors. The district court shall
have exclusive original trial jurisdiction over prosecutions of all offenses defined by law
or ordinance as misdemeanors, except: (1) Prosecutions by municipalities having municipal
courts; (2) Any such prosecution which also involves a felony offense which is within the
exclusive jurisdiction of the circuit court, except as the district court is empowered to
hold preliminary hearings with respect to felonies and to receive guilty pleas as provided
in subsection (b) of this section; and (3) Any misdemeanor for which an indictment has been
returned by a grand jury. (b) Felonies. (1) The district court may exercise original jurisdiction
concurrent with the circuit court to receive pleas of guilty in prosecutions of offenses defined
by law as felonies not punishable by sentence of death. (2) The district court shall have
jurisdiction to hold preliminary hearings in prosecutions for felonies as...
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31-2A-34
Section 31-2A-34 (Article 34.) Advice of judge advocate and reference for trial. (a) Before
directing the trial of any charge by general or special court-martial, the convening authority
shall refer it to a judge advocate for consideration and advice. The convening authority may
not refer a specification under a charge to a general or special court-martial for trial unless
the convening authority has been advised in writing by a judge advocate of all of the following:
(1) The specification alleges an offense under this code. (2) The specification is warranted
by the evidence indicated in the report of investigation under Section 31-2A-32 (Article 32),
if there is such a report. (3) A court-martial would have jurisdiction over the accused and
the offense. (b) The advice of the judge advocate under subsection (a) with respect to a specification
under a charge shall include a written and signed statement by the judge advocate containing
both of the following: (1) Conclusions with respect...
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31-2-100
Section 31-2-100 Courts-martial for members of National Guard - Subpoena of witnesses. A court-martial
may subpoena any witness residing within 100 miles of the place where the court is sitting
to appear and testify before it, and the sheriff, on receiving any subpoena issued by direction
of the court-martial and signed by the judge advocate thereof, or by the officer holding a
summary court, shall make service and return of service as provided by law in criminal cases.
Any person failing to appear at any court-martial in this state to testify in accordance with
the subpoena issued by such court-martial, without lawful excuse, is guilty of a misdemeanor
and shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $100 or imprisoned for not more than 60
days in the county jail, either or both. (Acts 1936, Ex. Sess., No. 143, p. 105; Code 1940,
T. 35, §136; Acts 1973, No. 1038, p. 1572, §101.)...
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31-2A-32
Section 31-2A-32 (Article 32.) Preliminary hearing; report. (a) No charge or specification
may be referred to a general court-martial for trial until the completion of a preliminary
hearing, unless the preliminary hearing is waived by the accused. The purpose of the preliminary
hearing shall be limited to the following: (1) Determining whether there is probable cause
to believe an offense has been committed and the accused committed the offense. (2) Determining
whether the convening authority has court-martial jurisdiction over the offense and the accused.
(3) Considering the form of charges. (4) Recommending the disposition that should be made
of the case. (b) A preliminary hearing under subsection (a) shall be conducted by a hearing
officer who satisfies all of the following: (1) The hearing officer shall be an impartial
judge advocate whenever practicable or, in exceptional circumstances in which the interests
of justice warrant, an impartial hearing officer who is not a judge...
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31-2A-98
Section 31-2A-98 (Article 98.) Noncompliance with procedural rules. Any person subject to this
code who does either of the following shall be punished as a court-martial may direct: (1)
Is responsible for unnecessary delay in the disposition of any case of a person accused of
an offense under this code. (2) Knowingly and intentionally fails to enforce or comply with
any provision of this code regulating the proceedings before, during, or after trial of an
accused. (Act 2012-334, §1.)...
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