10A-2A-1.50
Section 10A-2A-1.50 Effect of ratification. From and after the validation effective time, and
without regard to the 120-day period during which a claim may be brought under Section 10A-2A-1.52:
(a) Each defective corporate action ratified in accordance with Section 10A-2A-1.47 shall
not be void or voidable as a result of the failure of authorization identified in the action
taken under Section 10A-2A-1.47(a) or (b) and shall be deemed a valid corporate action effective
as of the date of the defective corporate action; (b) The issuance of each share of putative
stock or fraction of a share of putative stock purportedly issued pursuant to a defective
corporate action identified in the action taken under Section 10A-2A-1.47 shall not be void
or voidable, and each such share of putative stock or fraction of a share of putative stock
shall be deemed to be an identical share of stock or fraction of a valid share of stock as
of the time it was purportedly issued; and (c) Any corporate action...
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10A-2A-1.45
Section 10A-2A-1.45 Definitions. In this article: (1) "Corporate action" means any
action taken by or on behalf of the corporation, including any action taken by the incorporator,
the board of directors, a committee of the board of directors, an officer or agent of the
corporation or the stockholders. (2) "Date of the defective corporate action" means
the date (or the approximate date, if the exact date is unknown) the defective corporate action
was purported to have been taken. (3) "Defective corporate action" means (i) any
corporate action purportedly taken that is, and at the time such corporate action was purportedly
taken would have been, within the power of the corporation, but is void or voidable due to
a failure of authorization, and (ii) an overissue. (4) "Failure of authorization"
means the failure to authorize, approve, or otherwise effect a corporate action in compliance
with the provisions of this chapter, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws, a corporate
resolution,...
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10A-2A-1.48
Section 10A-2A-1.48 Action on ratification. (a) The quorum and voting requirements applicable
to a ratifying action by the board of directors under Section 10A-2A-1.47(a) shall be the
quorum and voting requirements applicable to the corporate action proposed to be ratified
at the time such ratifying action is taken. (b) If the ratification of the defective corporate
action requires approval by the stockholders under Section 10A-2A-1.47(c), and if the approval
is to be given at a meeting, the corporation shall notify each holder of valid and putative
stock, regardless of whether entitled to vote, as of the record date for notice of the meeting
and as of the date of the occurrence of defective corporate action, provided that notice shall
not be required to be given to holders of valid or putative stock whose identities or addresses
for notice cannot be determined from the records of the corporation. The notice must state
that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting, is to...
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10A-2A-1.46
Section 10A-2A-1.46 Defective corporate actions. (a) A defective corporate action shall not
be void or voidable if ratified in accordance with Section 10A-2A-1.47 or validated in accordance
with Section 10A-2A-1.52. (b) Ratification under Section 10A-2A-1.47 or validation under Section
10A-2A-1.52 shall not be deemed to be the exclusive means of ratifying or validating any defective
corporate action, and the absence or failure of ratification in accordance with this article
shall not, of itself, affect the validity or effectiveness of any corporate action properly
ratified under common law or otherwise, nor shall it create a presumption that any such corporate
action is or was a defective corporate action or void or voidable. (c) In the case of an overissue,
putative stock shall be valid stock effective as of the date originally issued or purportedly
issued upon: (1) the effectiveness under this article and under Article 10 of an amendment
to the certificate of incorporation...
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10A-2A-1.47
Section 10A-2A-1.47 Ratification of defective corporate actions. (a) To ratify a defective
corporate action under this section (other than the ratification of an election of the initial
board of directors under subsection (b)), the board of directors shall take action ratifying
the action in accordance with Section 10A-2A-1.48, stating: (1) the defective corporate action
to be ratified and, if the defective corporate action involved the issuance of putative stock,
the number and type of shares of putative stock purportedly issued; (2) the date of the defective
corporate action; (3) the nature of the failure of authorization with respect to the defective
corporate action to be ratified; and (4) that the board of directors approves the ratification
of the defective corporate action. (b) In the event that a defective corporate action to be
ratified relates to the election of the initial board of directors of the corporation under
Section 10A-2A-2.04(a)(2), a majority of the persons who,...
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10A-2A-1.49
Section 10A-2A-1.49 Notice requirements. (a) Unless stockholder approval is required under
Section 10A-2A-1.47(c), prompt notice of an action taken under Section 10A-2A-1.47 shall be
given to each holder of valid and putative stock, regardless of whether entitled to vote,
as of (i) the date of such action by the board of directors, and (ii) the date of the defective
corporate action ratified, provided that notice shall not be required to be given to holders
of valid and putative stock whose identities or addresses for notice cannot be determined
from the records of the corporation. (b) The notice must contain (i) either a copy of the
action taken by the board of directors in accordance with Section 10A-2A-1.47(a) or (b) or
the information required by Section 10A-2A-1.47(a)(1) through (a)(4) or Section 10A-2A-1.47(b)(1)
through (b)(3), as applicable, and (ii) a statement that any claim that the ratification of
the defective corporate action and any putative stock issued as a result of...
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10A-2A-1.51
Section 10A-2A-1.51 Filings. (a) If the defective corporate action ratified under this Division
D of Article 1 would have required under any other section of this chapter a filing in accordance
with this chapter, then, regardless of whether a filing was previously made in respect of
such defective corporate action and in lieu of a filing otherwise required by this chapter,
the corporation shall file a certificate of validation in accordance with this section, and
that certificate of validation shall serve to amend or substitute for any other filing with
respect to such defective corporate action required by this chapter. (b) The certificate of
validation must set forth: (1) the defective corporate action that is the subject of the certificate
of validation (including, in the case of any defective corporate action involving the issuance
of putative stock, the number and type of shares of putative stock issued and the date or
dates upon which that putative stock was purported to have...
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34-27-31
appeals in connection with the judgment, file a verified claim in the court in which the judgment
was entered and, on 10 days' written notice to the commission, may apply to the court for
an order directing payment out of the Recovery Fund of the amount unpaid on the judgment.
(4) The court shall proceed on the application immediately and, on hearing, the aggrieved
person shall be required to show each of the following: a. He or she is not the spouse, child,
or parent of the debtor, or the personal representative of the spouse, child, or parent.
b. He or she has obtained a judgment, as described in subdivision (e)(3), stating the amount
of the judgment and the amount owing on the judgment at the date of the application, and,
that in the action, he or she had joined any and all bonding companies which issued corporate
surety bonds to the judgment debtor as principal and all other necessary parties. c. The following
items, if recovered by him or her, have been applied to the actual...
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10A-2A-1.20
Section 10A-2A-1.20 Requirements for filing instruments; extrinsic facts. (a) Whenever any
filing instrument is to be filed with the Secretary of State or in accordance with this chapter,
such instrument shall be executed as follows: (1) Except as provided in subsection (a)(3),
the certificate of incorporation, and any other instrument to be filed before the election
of the initial board of directors if the initial directors were not named in the certificate
of incorporation, shall be signed by the incorporator or incorporators or the successors and
assigns of the incorporator or incorporators. If any incorporator is not available then any
other instrument may be signed, with the same effect as if the incorporator had signed it,
by any person for whom or on whose behalf the incorporator, in executing the certificate of
incorporation, was acting directly or indirectly as employee or agent, provided that the other
instrument shall state that the incorporator is not available and the...
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22-18-50
or procedures related to specific employees or other matters related to the Commission's internal
personnel practices and procedures; c. Current, threatened, or reasonably anticipated litigation;
d. Negotiation of contracts for the purchase or sale of goods, services, or real estate; e.
Accusing any person of a crime or formally censuring any person; f. Disclosure of trade secrets
or commercial or financial information that is privileged or confidential; g. Disclosure of
information of a personal nature where disclosure would constitute a clearly unwarranted
invasion of personal privacy; h. Disclosure of investigatory records compiled for law
enforcement purposes; i. Disclosure of information related to any investigatory reports prepared
by or on behalf of or for use of the Commission or other committee charged with responsibility
of investigation or determination of compliance issues pursuant to the Compact; or j. Matters
specifically exempted from disclosure by federal or member...
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